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Introduction and Contents • Lesson 1 • Lesson 2 • Lesson 3 • Lesson 4 • Glossary • Appendix
Glossary
Since the Biblical Hebrew alphabet contains no capital letters and no vowels, writers transliterate Hebrew words phonetically the way the words sound to the ear of the writer in his/her native language. Thus one will find a rather wide variation in the spelling of transliterated Hebrew words.
- Adon !wda, Adonai (our Lord)
- Hebrew for “lord“ or “master”; sometimes just “sir.” Used by most Jewish and Messianic people as a “placeholder” for the Sacred Name (hwhy — yud-hey-vav-hey, YHWH, the “Covenant-and-Relationship” Name for God to avoid mispronouncing or misspelling it (taking His Name in vain). When used as God’s Name it is displayed in all caps (ADONAI) or small caps (ADONAI) and it is usually represented in most English Bibles as LORD or LORD.
- Apostolic Writings or Apostolic Scriptures
- The collected writings of the Apostles of Yeshua, erroneously rererred to as the “New Testament”
- barukh $rb
- blessed, happy
- ben !b (pl, benai)
- son
- ecclesia ekklesia
- Greek translation of the Hebrew word miqra (arqm), falsely translated in the English version of the Apostolic Scriptures (the so-called “New Testament”) as “church” [see footnote]
- Eloah hhwla
- God (His title, not His name); Elohenu (our God)
- Elohim ~yhla
- the
“Creator-and-Judge-and-Ruler” name for
G-d. Also - (plural)
- rulers, judges
- divine ones
- angels
- gods
- (plural intensive - singular meaning)
- god, goddess
- godlike one
- works or special possessions of God
- the (true) God
- God
- (plural)
- Eretz Yisrael larXy #ra
- the Land of Israel
- G-d
- written designation for the Most High; this designation is used by Jewish writers when
referring to the
G0d of the Bible to distinguish reference to Him from reference to all of the false gods of the world religions; the Rabbis taught that this word, once written, must never be erased; since every word on the screen is effectively “erased” as soon as you leave this page, this tradition is used extensively on the Internet - ha [h
- the Hebrew definite article “the”
- HaMelech Yeshua HaMashiach xyXm[h h[wXy $lm[h
- the Lord [literally “King”] Yeshua the Messiah
- ha-olam ~lw[h
- the cosmos, the universe, the world, literally “the everything”
- HaShem ~X[h
- “The Name” — a designation for God which avoids saying His Sacred Name
- kodesh Xdq
- holy; Holy Place — the area of the Tabernacle/Temple between the inner court and the Holiest Place
- mashiach, moshiach xyXm
- anointed; HaMashiach xyXm[h: the Anointed One, Messiah; the Jews anointed three classes of people: prophets, priests, and kings — Yeshua is all three
- melech $lm
- king, lord, ruler, potentate, sovereign
- mikvah hwqm
- the pool of “living water” in which ritual immersion is performed; the act of immersing ones self in that pool; a reservoir (see tevilah)
- miqra arqm
- convocation, convoking, reading, a calling together
- convocation, sacred assembly
- convoking
- reading
- Moshe hXm
- Hebrew name transliterated as Moses (“drawn”); the prophet and lawgiver, leader of the exodus; the one through whom Yeshua gave His Torah to humanity
- ruach xwr
- breath, spirit, wind, mind
- Ruach HaKodesh Xdq[h xwr
- the Holy Spirit
- Sha’ul lwaX
- Hebrew name transliterated as Saul; the name of the first king of Israel; Shiliach Sha’ul is the Apostle Paul, sometimes considere “the Apostle to the gentiles”
- shaliach (pl. shaliachim) שָלִיחַ; שְלִיחִים
- apostle, apostles
- Shimon Kefa; Shimeon Kefa
- Hebrew name translated as Simon Peter
- talmid (pl. talmidim) תלמיד ~yתלמיד
- one who is taught, student, disciple
- Tanakh knt (alt. Tanach or Tenakh
- an acronym (TNK) for the three divisions of the Hebrew Bible; Torah (Instruction), Nevi’im (Prophets), and K’tuvim (Writings)
- tevilah טְבִילָה
- a full body immersion in a mikvah, baptism
- Torah hrwt
- teaching, the Law; variously used to signify (a) the first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures written by Moshe, (b) the entire body of Hebrew Scriptures (the so-called “Old Testament” — this is the sense in which Yeshua usually used the word), or (c) the lifestyle that is to be lived by an observant Jew, including the teachings of the Rabbis.
- Vitzi-Vanu
- He Who has commanded us
- Yehudah hdwhy
- praised; Hebrew name transliterated as Judah or Judas
- Yeshua h[wXy
- salvation; true name of the Messiah erroneously rendered as “Jesus” in the English “New Testament”
- Yochanan
- Hebrew name transliterated as John
- Yosef @owy
- Hebrew name transliterated as Joseph (“God has added”)
